Shih Tzu Dog Breed [ FULL Guide + Pictures ]

If you’re a fan of adorable, affectionate, and playful little dogs, then you’ve likely heard of the Shih Tzu. Known for their luxurious coats, expressive faces, and delightful personalities, these dogs are often described as having “the soul of a lion in the body of a lapdog”. Historically, Shih Tzus have been royal companions, originally bred to be companions for Chinese royalty. With their rich history and unique appearance, it’s no wonder they’ve captured the hearts of many dog lovers worldwide.

Whether you’re considering adopting a Shih Tzu or you simply love learning about dog breeds, this guide is here to provide you with an in-depth look at everything you need to know about these sweet, little pups.

Definition Of The Shih Tzu Dog Breed

The Shih Tzu, which translates to "Lion Dog" in Chinese, is a small, sturdy toy breed with an incredibly affectionate and playful personality. Here’s a bit more about its origin:

• Origins: The Shih Tzu has ancient roots, tracing back to China, where they were bred by Chinese royalty as companions for the emperor and his family. They were bred from a mix of the Pekingese and the Tibetan Mountain Dog.
• Role in History: They were valued not only for their companionship but also for their beauty and poise, often seen in the palaces of the Ming and Qing dynasties. The Shih Tzu was believed to bring good luck, and their royal presence made them a symbol of wealth and status.
• Temperament: While their lineage suggests they were meant for a life of luxury, Shih Tzus have proven themselves to be loyal, loving, and devoted pets. They are friendly, social, and enjoy being pampered, though they’re also known for being independent and sometimes a little mischievous.

Physical Characteristics Of The Shih Tzu Dog Breed

This breed’s physical traits are definitely one of the first things that stand out. Whether it’s their face, their coat, or their compact little body, the Shih Tzu exudes charm. Let’s break it down:

• Head And Face

  • The Shih Tzu has a broad, rounded head with a distinctive ’smushed’ face that gives them that endearing, almost human-like expression. Their large, dark eyes are wide-set and brimming with curiosity and affection.
  • The nose is flat, adding to the ’teddy bear’ look, and their ears are long and silky, falling gracefully by their cheeks.

• Coat

  • The most defining characteristic of a Shih Tzu is undoubtedly their long, luxurious coat. It’s dense, silky, and needs regular grooming to prevent matting.
  • The coat can flow like a beautiful cascade of hair, and it’s often kept trimmed in styles ranging from the traditional “puppy cut” to more extravagant show dog cuts.

• Tail

  • Shih Tzus have a high-set tail that curls over their back in a signature ’S’ shape. It’s often covered in a thick plume of fur, making it look like a luxurious feathered plume that follows them around.

• Body

  • Their bodies are compact, sturdy, and well-proportioned. Despite their small size, they carry themselves with an air of regal dignity, thanks to their confident stance and playful demeanor.

Colors Of The Shih Tzu Dog Breed

One of the great things about Shih Tzus is that they come in a wide range of colors, making them a visually striking breed. The variety of coat colors and patterns means that no two Shih Tzus are exactly alike!

Here’s a list of the most common and recognized Shih Tzu coat colors:

• Solid Colors

  • Black: Deep and glossy, black Shih Tzus are striking and elegant.
  • White: Pure and snow-like, a white Shih Tzu gives off a fluffy, angelic vibe.
  • Gold: Rich and warm, a gold Shih Tzu is a gorgeous and regal choice.

• Bi-Color Patterns

  • Black and White: The contrast between these two colors creates a very striking look.
  • Liver and White: A reddish-brown with white accents makes for a very unique and cute combination.
  • Brindle: A mixture of darker shades, such as black and brown, in a striped pattern.

• Other Color Variations

  • Blue: Shih Tzus can have a bluish-gray coat, sometimes with a silvery sheen.
  • Silver: Similar to blue but lighter and with a cooler undertone.
  • Liver: A brownish color that’s rare but undeniably adorable.
  • Tan: Often paired with other darker colors like black, giving a two-tone effect.

Size Of The Shih Tzu Dog Breed

Shih Tzus are categorized as a toy breed, and part of their charm lies in their petite size, making them ideal for apartment living and homes that don’t have a lot of space. Here’s what you can expect in terms of their size:

• Height: On average, Shih Tzus stand between 9 to 10.5 inches (23 to 27 cm) at the shoulder. They are compact, but not so small that they’re fragile.
• Weight: Typically, a healthy Shih Tzu weighs between 9 to 16 pounds (4 to 7 kg). Males are often on the heavier end of this spectrum, while females may be a bit lighter.
• Body Proportions: Despite their small size, Shih Tzus have a sturdy and solid build. They’re not overly delicate, but instead have a somewhat ’muscular’ frame relative to their compact stature, giving them a solid feel despite their daintiness.

Life Expectancy Of The Shih Tzu Dog Breed

When considering adopting a dog, it’s always important to think about their longevity. Fortunately, Shih Tzus are generally a healthy breed with a nice life expectancy. Here’s the breakdown:

• Average Lifespan: The typical Shih Tzu can live between 10 to 16 years. Some even live longer with proper care, nutrition, and regular vet checkups.

• Factors That Affect Longevity

  • Health Issues: Like many purebred dogs, Shih Tzus can be prone to certain health issues, such as brachycephalic syndrome (breathing problems due to their flat faces), eye issues (due to their large, round eyes), and hip dysplasia. Keeping an eye on these health concerns and getting them checked regularly can help improve their life expectancy.
  • Diet and Exercise: A well-balanced diet and regular, light exercise (like walks or indoor play) contribute to their overall health and lifespan. Since they’re small, they don’t need intense exercise, but daily walks are essential.
• Grooming and Maintenance: Because of their long coats, regular grooming is essential for a Shih Tzu to remain healthy. Failure to brush their fur can lead to painful tangles or mats, which can cause skin issues. Proper dental care is also crucial for their long-term well-being.

Temperament Of The Shih Tzu Dog Breed

Oh, the Shih Tzu-this little dog is pure charm wrapped in a fluffy coat! If you’ve ever seen one of these adorable pups with their sweet face and flowing coat, you know they have a special place in people’s hearts. Let’s dive into what makes their personality so lovable.

• Affectionate and Loving: Shih Tzus are known for being super affectionate. They are lap dogs at heart, always wanting to be close to their human companions. Expect them to follow you around the house, looking for snuggles or simply basking in your presence. They’re particularly good at making you feel loved with their gentle, calm demeanor.
• Friendly and Social: Shih Tzus typically have a calm and friendly nature. They’re social little guys, not the type to shy away from visitors or other pets (as long as they’ve been properly socialized). They get along with kids, other dogs, and even cats. They’re happy to be part of the action, no matter what’s going on.
• Alert but Not Aggressive: While Shih Tzus are not guard dogs, they are alert and will bark at anything that seems out of place. However, they won’t take it to the next level like some breeds. A little warning bark here and there is all you can expect, but they’re not aggressive or overly protective.
• A Touch of Stubbornness: Now, they may be sweet, but they can also be a bit stubborn. Their independent streak can show up during training. They are intelligent but may not always feel like listening to commands unless they’re in the mood for it. So patience is key with these guys!

Any Shedding Issues For The Shih Tzu Dog Breed?

Let’s talk about shedding, because-spoiler alert-this breed has a lot to offer in that department… or not!

• Minimal Shedding: One of the most appealing qualities of a Shih Tzu is that they don’t shed much at all. They have a double coat, but unlike many dogs, their fur is more like human hair. This means fewer loose hairs around the house and, of course, less work to keep the place clean.
• However, Regular Grooming is a Must: Because of their low shedding, Shih Tzus are prone to matting. So, while you won’t have fur everywhere, you’ll still need to be diligent about grooming them. Their fur can get tangled easily, and if you let it go for too long, it becomes a matted mess that requires a professional groomer to fix.
• Not Completely Hypoallergenic, But Better Than Most: Shih Tzus are sometimes considered hypoallergenic due to their minimal shedding, but they still produce dander, which can cause allergies. If you or someone in your household has sensitivities, a Shih Tzu might be a better option than a heavy-shedding breed, but it’s not a guarantee that they’ll be allergy-free.

Grooming Needs For The Shih Tzu Dog Breed

Ah, grooming. If you’re bringing home a Shih Tzu, be ready to invest some time into keeping them looking fabulous. Here’s what you’ll need to know:

• Brushing: Shih Tzus have a long, silky coat that needs regular attention. They require daily brushing to prevent tangles and mats. If you skip this step, your furry friend could end up with a matted, uncomfortable coat. Plus, regular brushing helps keep their skin healthy and free from irritation.
• Bathing: Bathing should be done about every 3-4 weeks or as needed. Their coats attract dirt and oils, so regular baths help them stay clean and comfortable. Use a gentle dog shampoo to keep their fur shiny and soft without drying out their skin.
• Ear Care: Because of their floppy ears, Shih Tzus are prone to ear infections. Be sure to clean their ears regularly, checking for any buildup of wax or dirt. Use a dog-specific ear cleaner to gently wipe away any gunk, and keep an eye out for signs of infection (redness, odor, or scratching).
• Nail Trimming: Trim your Shih Tzu’s nails regularly to avoid discomfort and health issues. Like with any small breed, their nails can grow quickly and may cause them to walk awkwardly if left too long. If you’re not sure how to trim their nails safely, you can always ask a vet or groomer to show you the ropes.
• Professional Grooming: Given the complexity of their grooming needs, many Shih Tzu owners opt to take their dogs to a groomer every 4-6 weeks. A groomer will help maintain their coat in top shape and handle tasks like trimming the hair around their eyes (which can obstruct their vision). If you prefer to groom your Shih Tzu at home, you’ll need a good set of grooming tools and a lot of patience.

Diet Requirements Of The Shih Tzu Dog Breed

When it comes to feeding your Shih Tzu, the goal is to keep them healthy and happy without overfeeding them (they’re cute, but they’ll beg for snacks!).

• High-Quality Dog Food: Choose a high-quality dog food that is rich in protein. Since Shih Tzus are a small breed, they don’t require massive amounts of food, but the food you choose should be packed with essential nutrients. Look for foods that list real meat as the first ingredient and avoid those with fillers like corn and soy.
• Portion Control: Shih Tzus have a tendency to put on weight if overfed, so portion control is crucial. Make sure you’re following the feeding guidelines on the food packaging, and try to stick to a regular feeding schedule. This also helps prevent obesity, which can lead to health issues like joint problems or diabetes.
• Fresh Water: Always provide fresh water to keep your Shih Tzu hydrated. They can sometimes be picky drinkers, so make sure their water bowl is always clean and accessible. If they’re not drinking enough water, try adding a little wet dog food to their meals to increase their hydration levels.
• Treats and Snacks: Shih Tzus love treats, but like with their regular meals, you’ll need to be mindful of the quantity. Go for healthy, low-calorie treats like carrots, apple slices, or small dog biscuits. And don’t forget to count those calories toward their daily intake!

Health Issues Of The Shih Tzu Dog Breed

While Shih Tzus are generally healthy dogs, like any breed, they can be prone to specific health issues. Here are some to keep an eye out for:

• Breathing Issues (Brachycephalic Syndrome): Shih Tzus have a short muzzle, which makes them prone to brachycephalic syndrome. This means they might struggle with breathing, especially in hot weather or when exerting themselves. Be cautious in hot climates and make sure they always have access to cool air and fresh water.
• Eye Problems: Because of their large, prominent eyes, Shih Tzus can be prone to eye issues like cataracts, dry eye, and corneal ulcers. Their fur around the eyes should be regularly trimmed to prevent irritation, and you should watch for signs like excessive squinting, redness, or discharge.
• Hip Dysplasia: Although more common in larger breeds, small dogs like the Shih Tzu can also suffer from hip dysplasia, a genetic condition where the hip joint doesn’t form properly. This can lead to pain, arthritis, and mobility issues as they age. Regular vet check-ups are key to catching this early.
• Ear Infections: Due to their floppy ears, Shih Tzus are also susceptible to ear infections. Keep their ears clean and dry, and check regularly for any signs of infection, such as foul odor or excessive scratching.
• Skin Issues: Their long, thick coat can sometimes trap moisture, leading to skin infections or irritations. Keep an eye on their skin and coat for any signs of dryness, redness, or infection. Regular grooming can help minimize these risks.

Training And Exercise Needs Of The Shih Tzu Dog Breed

Shih Tzus may be small, but they have a lot of personality packed into those tiny bodies. Here’s what you need to know about their exercise and training needs:

• Exercise: Despite their small size, Shih Tzus still need regular exercise to stay healthy. A couple of short walks a day, along with some indoor playtime, will usually suffice. They’re not the type to run long distances or need hours of playtime, but they still need daily activity to keep their muscles and joints in good shape.
• Training: Shih Tzus are smart but a bit stubborn, so training can require patience. Positive reinforcement works best with them, especially if you use treats, praise, and playtime to reward good behavior. Start training early, as Shih Tzus can develop bad habits quickly. Socializing them with other dogs and people from a young age can help prevent future behavioral issues.
• Mental Stimulation: These dogs are curious and intelligent, so providing mental stimulation is important. Puzzle toys, treat-dispensing toys, and training sessions are great ways to keep their brains engaged. A bored Shih Tzu may start to act out or get into mischief, so make sure they have plenty of activities to stay occupied.

FAQs

What Is The Origin Of The Shih Tzu Dog Breed?

The Shih Tzu originated in Tibet and was bred by Tibetan monks, who gifted them to Chinese royalty. They were favored as companion dogs in imperial palaces during the Ming and Qing dynasties. The breed’s name, “Shih Tzu”, means ’Lion Dog’ in Mandarin, symbolizing their lion-like appearance.

How Large Do Shih Tzus Grow?

Shih Tzus are a small breed, typically weighing between 9 to 16 pounds and standing about 9 to 10.5 inches tall at the shoulder. Their compact size makes them an ideal breed for apartment living and smaller homes.

What Is The Temperament Of A Shih Tzu?

Shih Tzus are known for their affectionate, friendly, and outgoing nature. They are typically good with children and other pets, making them great family companions. They tend to be social dogs who enjoy attention and interaction, though they can also be a bit independent at times.

Are Shih Tzus Easy To Train?

Shih Tzus can be somewhat stubborn, which may make training a bit challenging for first-time dog owners. However, with patience, consistency, and positive reinforcement, they can learn commands. Early socialization and training are important to ensure they grow up well-behaved.

How Much Exercise Do Shih Tzus Need?

Shih Tzus are not particularly high-energy dogs. They require moderate daily exercise, including short walks and some playtime. About 30 to 45 minutes of activity per day is generally sufficient to keep them healthy and happy.

Do Shih Tzus Shed A Lot?

Shih Tzus have long, flowing coats, but they are considered a low-shedding breed. They do not shed much hair, which can make them more suitable for people with allergies. However, their coats require regular grooming to prevent matting and tangling.

How Should I Care For A Shih Tzu’s Coat?

Shih Tzus need regular grooming to maintain their beautiful coats. Brushing their fur daily is essential to prevent mats and tangles. They also need to be bathed regularly, about once a month, and their hair may require trimming every few weeks to keep it manageable.

Are Shih Tzus Prone To Any Health Problems?

Shih Tzus are prone to several health issues, including brachycephalic syndrome due to their short snouts, which can cause breathing problems. They may also develop eye problems like cataracts or dry eye, as well as hip dysplasia. Regular vet checkups are essential for early detection of any health issues.

What Is The Life Expectancy Of A Shih Tzu?

The average lifespan of a Shih Tzu is between 10 to 16 years, with proper care, diet, and regular veterinary checkups. Their lifespan can vary based on genetics, overall health, and lifestyle factors.

Are Shih Tzus Good For First-time Dog Owners?

Yes, Shih Tzus can make great pets for first-time dog owners. They are relatively easygoing, affectionate, and adaptable to different living environments. However, they do require regular grooming, so first-time owners should be prepared for this commitment.

Shih Tzu Dog Pictures